"結晶化" meaning in All languages combined

See 結晶化 on Wiktionary

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/, /kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/ Chinese transliterations: jiéjīnghuà [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], git³ zing¹ faa³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], jiéjīnghuà [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], jiéjinghuà [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chieh²-ching¹-hua⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], jyé-jīng-hwà [Mandarin, Yale], jyejinghuah [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цзецзинхуа [Mandarin, Palladius], czeczinxua [Mandarin, Palladius], git jīng fa [Cantonese, Yale], git⁸ dzing¹ faa³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gid³ jing¹ fa³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization] Forms: 结晶化
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 結晶化
  1. crystallisation
    Sense id: en-結晶化-zh-noun-2qGBy9M~ Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 27 25 25 23

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/, /kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/ Chinese transliterations: jiéjīnghuà [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], git³ zing¹ faa³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], jiéjīnghuà [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], jiéjinghuà [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chieh²-ching¹-hua⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], jyé-jīng-hwà [Mandarin, Yale], jyejinghuah [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цзецзинхуа [Mandarin, Palladius], czeczinxua [Mandarin, Palladius], git jīng fa [Cantonese, Yale], git⁸ dzing¹ faa³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gid³ jing¹ fa³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization] Forms: 结晶化
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 結晶化
  1. to crystallise
    Sense id: en-結晶化-zh-verb-P9ez3Pf7 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 27 25 25 23

Noun [Japanese]

Forms: 結晶化 [canonical] (ruby: (けっ), (しょう), ()), kesshōka [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|けっしょうか}} 結(けっ)晶(しょう)化(か) • (kesshōka)
  1. crystallisation
    Sense id: en-結晶化-ja-noun-2qGBy9M~ Categories (other): Pages with 3 entries, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 27 25 25 23 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 55 45 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 52 48 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 55 45

Verb [Japanese]

Forms: 結晶化する [canonical] (ruby: (けっ), (しょう), ()), kesshōka suru [romanization], 結晶化し [stem] (ruby: (けっ), (しょう), ()), 結晶化した [past] (ruby: (けっ), (しょう), ()), no-table-tags [table-tags], 結晶化し [error-unrecognized-form], けっしょうかし [error-unrecognized-form], kesshōka shi [error-unrecognized-form], 結晶化する [error-unrecognized-form], けっしょうかする [error-unrecognized-form], kesshōka suru [error-unrecognized-form], 結晶化すれ [error-unrecognized-form], けっしょうかすれ [error-unrecognized-form], kesshōka sure [error-unrecognized-form], 結晶化せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 結晶化しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], けっしょうかせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], けっしょうかしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], kesshōka seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], kesshōka shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 結晶化される [passive], けっしょうかされる [passive], kesshōka sareru [passive], 結晶化させる [causative], 結晶化さす [causative], けっしょうかさせる [causative], けっしょうかさす [causative], kesshōka saseru [causative], kesshōka sasu [causative], 結晶化できる [potential], けっしょうかできる [potential], kesshōka dekiru [potential], 結晶化しよう [volitional], けっしょうかしよう [volitional], kesshōka shiyō [volitional], 結晶化しない [negative], けっしょうかしない [negative], kesshōka shinai [negative], 結晶化せず [continuative, negative], けっしょうかせず [continuative, negative], kesshōka sezu [continuative, negative], 結晶化します [formal], けっしょうかします [formal], kesshōka shimasu [formal], 結晶化した [perfective], けっしょうかした [perfective], kesshōka shita [perfective], 結晶化して [conjunctive], けっしょうかして [conjunctive], kesshōka shite [conjunctive], 結晶化すれば [conditional, hypothetical], けっしょうかすれば [conditional, hypothetical], kesshōka sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to crystallise
    Sense id: en-結晶化-ja-verb-P9ez3Pf7 Categories (other): Pages with 3 entries, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 3 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 27 25 25 23 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 55 45 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 3 kanji: 41 59 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 52 48 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 55 45 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 23 77

Noun [Korean]

Forms: gyeoljeonghwa [romanization], 결정화 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=결정화|rv=gyeoljeonghwa}} 結晶化 • (gyeoljeonghwa) (hangeul 결정화)
  1. hanja form of 결정화 (“crystallisation”) Tags: form-of, hanja Form of: 결정화 (extra: crystallisation)
{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "结晶化",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "結晶化",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 25 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crystallisation"
      ],
      "id": "en-結晶化-zh-noun-2qGBy9M~",
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallisation",
          "crystallisation"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git³ zing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjinghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chieh²-ching¹-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyé-jīng-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyejinghuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзецзинхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czeczinxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git jīng fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git⁸ dzing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gid³ jing¹ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "结晶化",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "結晶化",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 25 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to crystallise"
      ],
      "id": "en-結晶化-zh-verb-P9ez3Pf7",
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallise",
          "crystallise"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git³ zing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjinghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chieh²-ching¹-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyé-jīng-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyejinghuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзецзинхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czeczinxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git jīng fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git⁸ dzing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gid³ jing¹ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "結晶化",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "けっしょうか"
      },
      "expansion": "結(けっ)晶(しょう)化(か) • (kesshōka)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 25 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crystallisation"
      ],
      "id": "en-結晶化-ja-noun-2qGBy9M~",
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallisation",
          "crystallisation"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:結晶化"
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "結晶化する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化し",
      "roman": "kesshōka shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化した",
      "roman": "kesshōka shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 25 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 77",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to crystallise"
      ],
      "id": "en-結晶化-ja-verb-P9ez3Pf7",
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallise",
          "crystallise"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:結晶化"
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gyeoljeonghwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "결정화",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "결정화",
        "rv": "gyeoljeonghwa"
      },
      "expansion": "結晶化 • (gyeoljeonghwa) (hangeul 결정화)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "crystallisation",
          "word": "결정화"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 결정화 (“crystallisation”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-結晶化-ko-noun-pYS-dZNI",
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "결정화",
          "결정화#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "crystallisation",
          "crystallisation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 化",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 晶",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 結",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "结晶化",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "結晶化",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crystallisation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallisation",
          "crystallisation"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git³ zing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjinghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chieh²-ching¹-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyé-jīng-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyejinghuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзецзинхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czeczinxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git jīng fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git⁸ dzing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gid³ jing¹ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 化",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 晶",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 結",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "结晶化",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "結晶化",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to crystallise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallise",
          "crystallise"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git³ zing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjīnghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiéjinghuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chieh²-ching¹-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyé-jīng-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyejinghuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзецзинхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czeczinxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git jīng fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "git⁸ dzing¹ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gid³ jing¹ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 3 entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "結晶化",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "けっしょうか"
      },
      "expansion": "結(けっ)晶(しょう)化(か) • (kesshōka)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crystallisation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallisation",
          "crystallisation"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:結晶化"
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 3 entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "結晶化する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化し",
      "roman": "kesshōka shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化した",
      "roman": "kesshōka shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "結",
          "けっ"
        ],
        [
          "晶",
          "しょう"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "結晶化すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "けっしょうかすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kesshōka sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to crystallise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crystallise",
          "crystallise"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:結晶化"
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gyeoljeonghwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "결정화",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "결정화",
        "rv": "gyeoljeonghwa"
      },
      "expansion": "結晶化 • (gyeoljeonghwa) (hangeul 결정화)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean hanja forms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 3 entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "crystallisation",
          "word": "결정화"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 결정화 (“crystallisation”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "결정화",
          "결정화#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "crystallisation",
          "crystallisation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "結晶化"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 結晶化 meaning in All languages combined (11.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "結晶化"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "結晶化",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.